Cumann Lúthchleas Gael

A history of the GAA

From a hotel billiard room in Thurles to an 82,300-capacity stadium: 17 turning points in the story of hurling, football, camogie, handball and rounders, each from the sources linked under it. For every county’s titles, see All-Ireland winners.

Timeline
  1. 1 November 1884
    Founded at Hayes’ Hotel, Thurles. A group met in the billiard room of Hayes’ Hotel, Thurles, to set up a body to foster Ireland’s own games and athletics. Wikipedia names the founders as Michael Cusack of County Clare, Maurice Davin, Joseph K. Bracken, Thomas St George McCarthy (a District Inspector in the Royal Irish Constabulary), P. J. Ryan, John Wyse Power and John McKay. Davin was elected president; Cusack, Wyse Power and McKay secretaries. Archbishop Croke, Charles Stewart Parnell and Michael Davitt were to be asked to be patrons.
  2. 1884
    Handball and rounders in the charter. Handball was named in the GAA charter of 1884 as one of the sports the new body would promote. Rounders was in the same charter, and the GAA’s rules of 1884 are described as the earliest nationally formalised rules of the game. Rounders was not actively played in clubs for decades afterwards.
  3. 1897
    Rule 21. Brought in when it was suspected that Royal Irish Constabulary spies were trying to get into the organisation, Rule 21 barred members of the British forces from joining the GAA.
  4. 1901
    The Ban (Rule 27). Rule 27, known as “the Ban”, barred GAA members from playing or watching non-Gaelic games. The Croke Park article says a member could be banned for also playing soccer, rugby or cricket.
  5. 25 February 1904
    Camogie. The Camogie Association was founded at 8 North Frederick Street, Dublin, with Máire Ní Chinnéide as president; the name camogie had been coined by Tadhg Ua Donnchadha (Tórna) in 1903 and the first matches were in 1904. A caution: the Camogie article says the governing body was founded in 1905, then re-formed in 1911, 1923 and 1939.
  6. 1913
    Croke Park. Frank Dineen, a journalist and GAA member, bought the Jones’ Road sports ground in 1908. In 1913 the GAA bought it from him for £3,500 and renamed it Croke Park after Archbishop Thomas Croke, one of its first patrons. It then had one stand and grass banks.
  7. 1917
    Hill 16. A grass hill was built at the railway end in 1917 and later named Hill 16 in memory of the Easter Rising.
  8. 21 November 1920
    Bloody Sunday at Croke Park. During the War of Independence, after IRA killings that morning, British forces raided a Gaelic football match between Dublin and Tipperary at Croke Park and opened fire on spectators and players, killing or fatally wounding 14 civilians and wounding at least 60. Three of the dead were children. The only player killed was Tipperary’s Michael Hogan. There was no public inquiry.
  9. 1924
    The Hogan Stand. The new stand built in 1924 was named after Michael Hogan. The Cusack Stand, named after Michael Cusack, followed in 1927.
  10. 27 January 1924
    The Irish Handball Council. Comhairle Liathróid Láimhe na hÉireann held its first meeting in Croke Park. The first All-Ireland handball championships followed in 1925; a women’s council was founded in 1971, the two merged in 1998, and the body became GAA Handball in 2009.
  11. 1958
    Rounders revived. The Antrim club Erin’s Own played the first formal rounders match under the rules in the GAA Official Guide, the start of the game’s revival.
  12. 1971
    The Ban removed. Rule 27 was abolished, so GAA members could play and watch soccer, rugby and cricket.
  13. 18 July 1974
    Ladies’ football. The Ladies’ Gaelic Football Association was founded at a meeting in Hayes’ Hotel, Thurles, almost ninety years after the GAA was founded in the same hotel.
  14. November 2001
    Rule 21 removed. A special congress voted by an overwhelming majority to abolish the rule barring members of the British forces.
  15. 16 April 2005
    Rule 42 relaxed. Congress voted to relax Rule 42, which kept non-Gaelic games out of GAA grounds, so that soccer and rugby internationals could be played at Croke Park while Lansdowne Road was rebuilt. The redeveloped stadium (1991–2005) holds 82,300.
  16. 11 February 2007
    Rugby and soccer at Croke Park. Ireland played France in the Six Nations, the first rugby international at Croke Park. On 24 February 2007 Ireland played England, a match seen as politically symbolic because of Bloody Sunday, with “God Save the Queen” played at the ground. The first soccer match followed on 24 March 2007.
  17. 17 April 2010
    Croke Park stays open. The GAA voted to keep Croke Park open to other games after the Aviva Stadium was finished, decided case by case.
Quick answers
When and where was the GAA founded?

On 1 November 1884, in the billiard room of Hayes’ Hotel, Thurles, County Tipperary. Michael Cusack and Maurice Davin called the meeting, and Davin was elected the first president.

What was the GAA ban on foreign games?

Rule 27, from 1901, barred GAA members from playing or watching non-Gaelic games such as soccer, rugby and cricket. It was abolished in 1971.

What was Rule 21?

Brought in in 1897, it barred members of the British forces from joining the GAA. A special congress removed it in November 2001.

What happened at Croke Park on Bloody Sunday?

On 21 November 1920, British forces opened fire at a Dublin–Tipperary football match, killing or fatally wounding 14 civilians, among them three children and the Tipperary player Michael Hogan, after whom the Hogan Stand is named.

When was rugby first played at Croke Park?

On 11 February 2007, Ireland against France in the Six Nations, after the GAA relaxed Rule 42 in 2005 while Lansdowne Road was rebuilt.

Sources and limits

Drawn from these Wikipedia articles, read in October 2026: Gaelic Athletic Association, Maurice Davin, Croke Park, Bloody Sunday (1920), Rule 42, Camogie, Camogie Association, Ladies' Gaelic Football Association, Gaelic handball, GAA rounders, Rounders. The Bloody Sunday toll is Wikipedia’s figure of 14 killed or fatally wounded at Croke Park. The Camogie Association article dates its founding to 1904 and the Camogie article to 1905; we show both. The GAA’s own history pages were not used.

All-Ireland titles by county · The revolution by county · 1916