Ard Mhacha · Ulster
Before the 4th century Armagh was the land of the Ulaid, and Emain Macha — Navan Fort, just outside the city — was their capital, the seat of the Red Branch in the Ulster Cycle. The fort and the city are named after the goddess Macha. In the 4th century the Three Collas drove the Ulaid out, and their descendants ruled the territory of Airgíalla, or Oriel, for about eight hundred years; the chief families of the county, the O'Hanlons and MacCanns among them, traced themselves to the Collas, alongside the O'Neills of the Fews.
| Province | Ulster |
|---|---|
| County town | Armagh |
| Population | 194,394 (2021) |
| Area (km²) | 1,327 |
| Population change in the Famine, 1841–51 | -16% |
| Daily Irish speakers | 5,743 (2021) |
| Highest point (m) | 573 — Slieve Gullion |
| All-Ireland football titles | 2 |
| Townlands | 959 |
| Baronies | 8 |
| Civil parishes | 29 |
| Recorded monuments | 1,143 |
| Ringforts | 289 |
| Holy wells | 16 |
| Castles on the site | 8 |
| Battles and sieges | 5 |
| Workhouses | 2 |
| Railway stations (with an article) | 24 |
| Towns on the site | 5 |
| Surnames on the site | 24 |
Every figure is from a page on myireland.ie that names its source — see https://myireland.ie/counties/armagh/. Printed from myireland.ie, the atlas of Irish history.